Here you will be given a set of statements and a sequence of questions to answer. One is required to sift the clue and condition to arrive at the solution. The section can be categorized as follows: Sequencing games Grouping games Matching games Hybrid games.
Picturizing a problem is more important than making the diagram of the problem. Short handing and diagram forming are only the tools to enhance your thinking and solve the question.
In this type of problem some persons with some pets names or profession or states or cities or names of their wives etc. are given but not in same order. You have to match the correct ones.
Draw a table with name of person vertically and quality or other parameter horizontally
Read the statement. Put the cross mark (´) if quality or parameter is not applicable.
Put the tick mark (Ö) if some quality or parameter is applicable.
If in a row or column ,a tick mark (Ö) appears, then put cross marks (´) in all the remaining boxes in that row or column .
If in a row or column, all the boxes except one have cross mark (´), then put tick mark (Ö) in that box
It is a mixture of sequencing and grouping games. Mostly, these are considered to be the most difficult types of games. But not every game is a hybrid, and not all hybrid games are difficult.
- Don't panic. Organization is the key to hybrid games.
- As in other games there is no one 'correct diagram' for hybrid games.
- Try making as many deductions as possible.
Logic is defined as the study of methods and principles used to distinguish good (correct ) reasoning from the bad (incorrect ) reasoning
- Assumption Question
- Inference/Fact Question
- Syllogism
- Weaken/strengthen the argument
There are mainly three parts of an ARGUMENT:
Conclusion: means what point the author is trying to make or the claim of the Argument.
Evidence: what evidence (if any) is there for the support of the 'conclusion'
Assumption: what assumption is required to reach the conclusion of the argument. Assumption bridges the gap between a conclusion and the evidence. It means that if the assumption is not true, the conclusion can not be reached.
Note:Assumption is the bridge between the conclusion and the evidence.
Here's an example:
All men are mortal. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
Now, Therefore, Socrates is mortal---------conclusion
All men are mortal---------evidence
What is the assumption in the argument above if all the given statements are true?
Simple, Socrates is a man. Because, if Socrates had not been a man, then the above argument would not have been true. Thus, this assumption has to be true for the conclusion to be reached.
Tips for Inference Questions
An inference is basically an underlying conclusion or you can say that it is a conclusion implicitly stated. Types of inference questions: Here are some examples of the ways in which these questions can be worded
Which of the following inferences is best supported by the statement made above? If the statements above are true, which of the following must also be true? Which of the following is implied in the passage above?
Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn if the statements above are true? Note that some of these questions appear to be conclusion questions, and may not even use the word infer. In general, to spot inference questions, look for words such as: infer most reasonably imply must also be true implicit
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A CONCLUSION AND AN INFERENCE:
Sometimes there is no difference. When the conclusion to an argument is not explicitly stated in the passage, it is something you could infer. In other cases, inferences have nothing to do with the main point of an argument. You can make inferences from the facts that are stated as premises.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN ASSUMPTION AND AN INFERENCE:
Assumption is something that has to be valid for the given argument to be true. If the assumption is not true, the conclusion of the argument cannot be true
An inference is a statement that is true if the given argument is true. Hence, Eliminate any answer choice that ‘could be false’.
All inference questions ask you to find something that is known to be true from the information presented in the argument.
Use the denial test for inferences. If any answer choice could not pass the denial test, it is to be eliminated.
By the universal 4-step approach converted to
5-STEP APPROACH:
Read the Question first to see what to look for in the ARGUMENT vis-à-vis assumption, inference, strengthen/weaken etc.
Read the ARGUMENT with that point of view.
Translate in your own words….may be English, Hindi or Punjabi to find out what point/conclusion the author is trying to make.
Pre-phrase your answer i.e. predict the answer before you look at the answer choice. Though this is not that simple and sometimes you are not able to find out one, but this will definitely enhance your thinking and you will have a better understanding of the given argument.
Choose the answer. While doing so use the PoE (Power of Elimination). It will be very helpful through all sections of the Entrance test.
Tips for Syllogism
The term “syllogism” comes from the Greek language and means” to say together” hence giving us the sense of putting two thoughts or two propositions together in order to draw a logical conclusion from them.
e.g.
All CATS are DOGS &
Some DOGS are GOATS.
Approach to solve these type of questions: Use Venn diagram
- All CATS are DOGS
- All DOGS are GOATS
Conclusion::- All CATS are GOATS.
MATHEMATICAL REASONING Mathematical reasoning questions test the student ability to sift information given in mathematical term, use their analytical skills and solve the problem
This part includes:-
- Number series
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Letter series
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Inserting the missing character
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Coding-decoding
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Analogy
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Question related to Cubes
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Blood relation
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Data sufficiency
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Graphs
VISUAL REASONING
These are the problems that are in the form of figures, drawings and designs. The problem may be in form of :
- Series
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Analogy
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Cube turning
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Mirror image
- Completion of incomplete pattern
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