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Some peculiar biology questions have always been asked in NEET UG exam. There are a few important ways which can certainly help deal with these questions and by mastering these ways students can increase their chances of getting selected to their dream institutions. Such strategies are explained below with typical examples for a better level of understanding.
The 5 basic types of questions being asked frequently are:-
A) Direction Based Questions
Strategy: Reading the directions very carefully to know what is actually being asked should be the first step to deal with such questions. Sometimes you have to mark the CORRECT statement whereas sometimes the INCORRECT one. The question can also be framed in another form such as, "Which of the following is NOT a correct option?," so you have to focus on the word NOT and then give a look at the given options.
For Example:
Select the correct statement.
1. Spliceosomes take part in translation.
2. Punnett square was developed by a British scientist.
3. Franklin Stahl coined the term "linkage."
4. Transduction was discovered by S. Altman.
Correct Ans. 2
Solution:
Punnett square was developed by a British geneticist, Reginald C. Punnett.
- Franklin Stahl proved semi-conservative mode of replication.
- Transduction was discovered by Zinder and Lederberg.
- Spliceosome formation is a part of the post-transcriptional change in eukaryotes.
How to apply
After going through the given question, it becomes apparent that they are asking about the correct statement - the emphasis should be on the word correct to figure out the right answer, as incorrect statements will be eliminated. Also, by going through the solution, you can make out that only option 1 is a correct statement, while rest are false.
B) Select Multiple Statements Questions
Strategy: In many questions, you will be asked to analyse all the statements and find the statements which are correct or incorrect. If the options "all of the above" and "none of the above" are given, then you can easily eliminate these by finding a single contradictory statement.
For Example:-
Frog's heart, when taken out of the body, continues to beat for some time.
Select the correct option(s) from the following statements which justify/justifies the above given condition.
(a) Frog is a poikilotherm.
(b) Frog does not have any coronary circulation.
(c) Heart is "myogenic" in nature.
(d) Heart is autoexcitable.
1. Only (c)
2. Only (d)
3. Only (a) and (b)
4. Only (c) and (d)
Correct Ans. 4
Solution:
Frogs or the vertebrates have myogenic heart having self contractile system or are autoexcitable. Because of this condition, it keeps on working outside the body for some time. A myogenic heart contracts by itself without any external stimulus.
How to apply
In 'select multiple statements' questions, you have to read question statements properly to find the correct answer. In the above question, all the statements are correct, but the correct answer should be found on the grounds of what is being asked in the question. Statements (a) and (b) - Frog being pokilotherm and not having coronary circulation do not relate to the question stem - Frog's heart, when taken out of the body, continues to beat for some time - whereas statements (c) and (d) are co-relatable and justify the correct option (4). So, that's why it is the correct answer.
C) Questions Containing Grammatical Plugs
Strategy: You can't underestimate the power of grammar while solving biology questions. Negatives ("none", "not," "never" or "neither"), Superlatives ("every," "all," "none," or "always") and Qualifiers("usually," "often," "generally," "may” or "seldom") are the keywords which can help you get the correct answer very easily, irrespective of the fact that you are versed with the concepts and facts.
Example 1:-
Flowers which have a single ovule in the ovary and are packed into inflorescence are usually pollinated by
1. water
2. bees
3. wind
4. bats
Correct Ans. 3
Solution:
Wind pollination or anemophily is favoured by flowers having a single ovule in each ovary and numerous flowers packed in an inflorescence. Wind pollination is a non-directional pollination.
How to apply
In this question, attention should be paid to the word “usually” as it indicates the fact that flowers which have a single ovule in the ovary and are packed into inflorescence are usually pollinated by wind.
Example 2:-
Out of 'X' pairs of ribs in humans, only 'Y' pairs are true ribs. Select the option that correctly represents values of X and Y and provides their explanation.
1. X = 12, Y = 7
True ribs are attached dorsally to vertebral column and ventrally to the sternum.
2. X = 12, Y = 5
True ribs are attached dorsally to vertebral column and sternum on the two ends.
3. X = 24, Y = 7
True ribs are dorsally attached to vertebral column but are free on ventral side.
4. X = 24, Y = 12
True ribs are dorsally attached to vertebral column but are free on ventral side.
Correct Ans. 1
Solution:
The twelve pairs of ribs consist of true ribs and false ribs.
The first seven ribs attach to the sternum (the breast bone) in the front (ventrally) and are known as true ribs (or sternal ribs). These are attached dorsally to the vertebral column.
The lower five ribs do not directly connect to the sternum and are known as false ribs.
How to apply
In this question stem, “only” is a very important word to find the correct answer as it is directly hinting towards the count and quality of true ribs. Hence, you can easily scan its number along with its position to select the correct answer out of options (1) and (3).
D) Examples/ Fact Based Questions
Strategy (Importance of examples and memorizing examples): Some questions that are asked in the exam are totally memory based and are generally based on the examples given in the NCERT books. So, examples from some sections like: Biological Classification, Plant Kingdom, Animal Kingdom, Morphology of Flowering Plants (Inflorescence, Type of Ovaries , Placentation , Fruits etc.), Biomolecules , Monoecious and Dioecious Organisms, Tissues and Joints examples, IUDs, Gentic Interactions, Homologous and Analogous Organs, Diseases or Examples related to Ecology etc., make many questions in NEET UG exam; therefore, learning these examples is a must.
For Example:-
After karyogamy followed by meiosis, spores are produced exogenously in
1. Agaricus
2. Alternaria
3. Neurospora
4. Saccharomyces
Correct Ans. 1
Solution:
• In Agaricus (a genus of basidiomycetes), basidiospores or meiospores are produced exogenously.
• Neurospora (a genus of ascomycetes) produces ascospores as meiospores but endogenously inside the ascus.
• Alternaria (a genus of deuteromycetes) does not produce sexual spores.
• Saccharomyces (unicellular ascomycetes) produces ascospores, endogenously.
How to apply
All the options in this question are NCERT based. So, only if you have a good command on NCERT, you can give the correct answer.
E) Match the Column Questions
Strategy: To solve such questions try using the elimination technique, if you don't know the correct answer then try to eliminate the incorrect ones. This will lead you to the right option. You need to have good knowledge of the topic while solving such questions.
For Example:-
Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option:
| Column I | Column II |
| a. Glycosuria | i. Accumulation of uric acid in joints |
| b. Gout | ii. Mass of crystallised salts within the kidney |
| c. Renal calculi | iii. Inflammation in glomeruli |
| d. Glomerular nephritis | iv. Presence of nephritis glucose in urine |
1. a - ii, b - iii, c - i, d - iv
2. a - i, b - ii, c - iii, d - iv
3. a - iii, b - ii, c - iv, d - i
4. a - iv, b - i, c - ii, d - iii
Correct Ans. 4
Solution:
Glycosuria denotes presence of glucose in urine. This is observed when blood glucose level rises above 180 mg/100 ml of blood, this is called renal threshold value for glucose.
Gout is due to deposition of uric acid crystals in the joint.
Renal calculi are precipitates of calcium phosphate produced in the pelvis of the kidney.
Glomerular nephritis is the inflammatory condition of glomerulus characterised by proteinuria and haematuria.
How to apply
For solving match the column questions, first focus on the correct combination you are sure of and then on its basis try to eliminate rest of the options. This will make your path towards the correct answer very clear. In this question, a is related to iv and if you know this, you can directly find that the correct option is (4).
Hopefully the above discussed question solving techniques will help you shine in your exam.
Good Luck!
